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Ground wire is the safety backbone of any electrical system, providing a low-resistance path that carries fault current away from people and equipment so breakers trip fast and shocks, fires, and equipment damage are minimized. Whether you are wiring a residential panel, bonding metal enclosures on a commercial job, or installing lightning and surge protection, choosing the right grounding wire improves safety, performance, and code compliance.
Common options include bare copper ground wire for maximum conductivity and corrosion resistance, green insulated THHN/THWN grounding wire for easy identification inside conduit, and aluminum grounding conductors for cost-sensitive runs when permitted by code. Select solid ground wire for fixed installations and stranded ground wire for flexibility in tight spaces or frequent vibration. Typical sizes range from 14 AWG for branch circuits to 4 AWG and larger for services, grounding electrode conductors, and bonding to rods, water pipes, and structural steel.
Benefits of quality grounding wire include faster fault clearing, stable reference for sensitive electronics, reduced electrical noise on audio/data lines, and improved surge and lightning dissipation. A well-planned equipment grounding conductor (EGC) network protects appliances, HVAC, EV chargers, generators, and shop tools.
Installation tips:
- Follow NEC and local codes for sizing, color, and routing.
- Keep runs as short and straight as practical; avoid sharp bends.
- Use listed clamps and lugs; clean metal for reliable bonding.
- Separate neutrals and grounds in subpanels; bond once at the service.
- Apply antioxidant on aluminum; protect buried conductors from corrosion.
- Test continuity and ground resistance to verify performance.
Shop spools and pre-cut lengths of copper ground wire, green insulated grounding wire, and accessories like ground rods, acorn clamps, split bolts, and grounding bars. Reliable, code-compliant grounding wire enhances electrical safety and keeps your projects running smoothly. Choose correct gauge for fault current.